Dear Info,
Thank you for contacting the Children’s Legal Centre, we apologise for the delay in responding to your query.
As previous posts have said, the resident parent has the ability to move wherever they wish within the United Kingdom and does not require consent of the other parent to do this, although she should inform you of her decision. The mother can tell you she is moving at any time, including after she has done it, there is no law to state when you should be made aware of this decision.
You do have the ability to make an application to court to attempt to prevent this move if you wish to do so, and would do this by applying for a Specific Issue Order to the Family Proceedings Court where the previous order was made.
The courts are reluctant to prevent a parent from moving if it is for a good reason, such as employment opportunity, to be closer to family and other such reasons and it is very rare that they would do this. The court may prevent the move if it is thought to be purely for malicious reasons such as obstructing your contact with your daughter.
There is no reason that you can use to be guaranteed that the court would prevent the mother moving, as this is her right, and it is completely up to the judge on the day whether to prevent this, but it is rare that a court will stop a parent moving to be closer to family or some other such genuine reason.
If you are not aware of the move until after it has occurred, you would then have great difficulty in doing anything as the court would generally not order that the mother then move back to the area, so as you are aware of this move now it would be best for you to apply to the court at this time if that is what you wish to do.
As there is a contact order in place, the mother should comply with this, however if it is not practical for this contact to continue, you and the mother are able to attempt to agree something alternative yourselves. If you do choose to do this it may be best to put anything agreed by you in writing, although this will not be legally binding it can be used to show the court what was agreed if there is later a breakdown in the contact.
If you have solicitors there is the possibility of having anything that is agreed placed into a consent order, which basically means that your agreement would be shown to the court, and if they feel it is fair it would be stamped and would become legally binding.
If you and the mother can not agree to alternate contact, then either of you are able to make an application to the court for a variation of the order at any time. This would allow the court to decide what contact is appropriate for your daughter considering the distance involved if the mother were to move out of the area.
As you have had a good relationship and regular contact with your daughter, the court will generally wish to continue with this and still allow as much contact as is practical in the situation. They are able to replace midweek contact with telephone contact if they feel that this is best for your daughter.
With regards to the costs of travel, again you can attempt to agree this with the mother. At present she is under no obligation to share the travel with you, as the standard position is that the person who is awarded contact will collect and return the child, unless something different is provided for in the contact order. It is unusual and very unlikely that the resident parent would be required to perform all the travel or pay the full costs of this, it is more likely to be split between you, but it would be for the court to decide.
The court can place it in an order that travel is to be shared, or costs of travel are to be shared, but this will be at their discretion and usually only applies when there is considerable distance involved, which there would be should the mother choose to relocate. If this matter is not addressed in court, then the mother will not be required to share travel or the expenses with you and it will be expected that you do this yourself.
With regards to holidays, your daughter lives with the mother and this means that the mother is the resident parent. If she is the resident parent by virtue of a residence order issued by the court, then the mother will have the right to take your daughter abroad for up to one month without your consent, even if this does mean that you miss some of your contact time with your daughter. There is no requirement on the mother to owe you this time back and if she did give this back to you it would be purely by agreement with the mother and you could not enforce this.
If the mother does not have a residence order then she should be seeking your consent for any trip abroad regardless of how long this is for. However in practical terms it is unlikely that she would face any penalty if she does not so long as the holiday is for less than one month.
Although a holiday may breach the contact order, it is expected that parents are reasonable and attempt to negotiate with each other and there is some leniency for reasons such as illness or holidays and therefore it is unlikely that the mother would face any penalty by the court, unless she were doing this repeatedly to obstruct your contact with your daughter.
The contact that you are entitled to is the contact stated in the order, although other things may have been discussed during the court proceedings it is the contact specified in the order that you are entitled to, so if telephone contact is not stated in the final order then this will be at the mother’s discretion.
We hope that this information is useful to you, should you require further advice please contact the Child Law Advice Line on 0808 8020 008 and an advisor will be happy to help you.
Kind Regards
Children’s Legal Centre